Only post questions regarding this tutorial. Other audio problems need to go in different topics.
When you type a command in terminal, you shouldn't use " or ' signs. Unless stated otherwise!
1) unmute your sound and set in on a desired level. This level will the one you see at boot.
2) open up a terminal: ALT+F2: type "xfce4-terminal".
3) Get super user privileges by doing "sudo su" and enter your password when asked. Then to store the alsa state do "alsactl store". Then go to a normal terminal(without su privileges) by typing "exit" and then close the terminal by typing "exit" again.
4) now you need the alsa state to be restored at boot. Go to Menu --> Settings --> Session and startup. Go to the Application Autostart tab. Press 'Add' and fill in "Fix muted sound" as name. And "/sbin/alsactl restore" as command. Then press ok, and you are done.
If something goes wrong, try restarting your system and do it again ;)
Enjoy